The file

Research papers

Working papers, briefings, and concept notes — longer than an essay, slower than a thread. Filed here, apart from the journal archive.

2 papers

• Briefing

  The Samawade Election Model

  A briefing on direct elections inside Somalia’s 4.5 formula — and a written path out of it.

  July 1, 2026Abdirahman Dahir Samawadedoi:10.13140/RG.2.2.26406.48961

• Working paper

  The Samawade Model: A Transitional Path to Direct Elections under Somalia’s 4.5 Formula

  Direct First-Past-the-Post elections inside the 4.5 formula — kept as a bridge, not a destination — and a three-phase path to one-person-one-vote.

  July 1, 2026Abdirahman Dahir Samawadedoi:10.13140/RG.2.2.26406.48961